Articles and Insight

New Regulations

Updates on Indonesian tax regulations

Regulation

MoF-136/2024: Pillar 2 Overview

In December 2024, Ministry of FInance (MoF) issued MoF Regulation No.136/2024 to implement the OECD/G20 BEPS Pillar Two (Global Minimum Tax) framework domestically. The regulation becomes effective starting 1 January 2025, marking Indonesia’s formal adoption of the 15% global minimum effective tax rate. It establishes three key mechanisms: the Income Inclusion Rule (IIR), Undertaxed Payments Rule (UTPR), and Domestic Minimum Top-Up Tax (DMTT). IIR and DMTT take effect in 2025, while UTPR will apply one year later in 2026. The scope covers multinational enterprise (MNE) groups with annual consolidated revenue of at least EUR 750 million (or equivalent) in the preceding fiscal year. It applies to both Indonesian resident entities and permanent establishments (PEs) that are part of such MNE groups. The regulation requires each in-scope group to calculate GloBE Income and Effective Tax Rate (ETR) for every jurisdiction where it operates. If an entity’s ETR is below 15%, the “top-up tax” must be paid to bring the total tax up to that threshold. Entities must file a GloBE Information Return and, where relevant, a Top-Up Tax Return to the Directorate General of Taxes within specified deadlines. Overall, PMK 136/2024 ensures that large multinational groups doing business in Indonesia contribute a minimum 15% tax burden, aligning national tax policy with the global BEPS Pillar Two standards.

Regulation

MoF-50/2025: Tax on Crypto Transaction

The Indonesian Ministry of Finance Regulation No. 50/2025 (PMK-50/2025), effective 1 August 2025, updates the tax rules on crypto assets. It replaces PMK-68/2022 and aligns crypto taxation with the new OJK supervision instead of Bappebti. Under the new rule, buying or selling crypto assets is no longer subject to VAT, similar to stock trading. However, VAT still applies to services related to crypto, such as platform fees, wallet services, and mining verification. For income tax, domestic platform (PPMSE) transactions are subject to a 0.21% final income tax on the transaction value. If the transaction is done through a foreign platform, the final tax rate is 1%, usually collected by the platform. Crypto miners are now taxed under the normal income tax regime (non-final) allowing expense deductions. Platform operators (PPMSEs) must withhold and remit the tax to the government. If the platform does not collect tax, the seller must self-report and pay the tax directly. Overall, PMK-50/2025 aims to simplify crypto taxation, remove double VAT, and align Indonesia’s tax system with international financial asset standards.